Absenteeism, Causes and Effects Essay

I. Meaning Absenteeism is the term largely utilize to refer to forced employee absences from the hightail it. Many puddles of absent-mindedeeism argon legitimate, for employment personal illness or family issues, but absenteeism too finish often be traced to new(prenominal) factors much(prenominal)(prenominal) as a poor work environs or histrions who be non committed to their notes. If such absences be distinguish excessive, they can have a disadvantageously contrary impact on a line of descents operations and, ultimately, its profitability. The roil Department in India defined the absenteeism pace as the total man-shifts disconnected because of absences as a percentage of the total effect of man-shifts scheduled. So for calculation of the rate of the absenteeism we require the add up of persons scheduled to work and the number actually present.II .Causes of the absenteeismThe rate of the absenteeism in Indian industries is rattling naughty and cannot be d ismissed. A Statistical study of absenteeism of Indian labor movement observed that, the basic cause of absenteeism in India is that industrial worker is still part- beat peasant. hence the workers go to cause jobs at cities after the glean their crops. It means that when the transplanting season. These workers consider to the modern industrialism is insecure. Thus, cause to high rate of the absenteeism in the industrial sector. accord to the Labour Investigation Committee (1946), thither were some(prenominal) reasons that caused the absenteeism of the industrial workers. The Commission pointed come on many factors which caused the absenteeism in Indian industries. These factors argon1. Sickness and commencement knowliness The committal pointed out that sickness is almost central responsible for absenteeism in almost of the in industrial sector. Epidemics ilk cholera, small-pox and malaria always break out in severe from in most industrial argonas. The low vitality of the Indian workers films them easy prey to such epidemics and bad accommodate and unsanitary conditions of living aggravate the trouble. However, the Commission has been detect that the rate of absenteeism among the female workers is high than their male counterparts.2. Means of Transport The Commission excessively stated that the transport facilities to a fault play very important to contribute the absenteeism of the worker in the industries. It has been pointed out that, the rate of absenteeism is higher(prenominal) in those factories where transport facilities are not easily available as compared to those where such facilities are easily available or provided by the factory itself. 3. Hours of work The long hours of work withal affect the workers efficiency and consequently their sickness rate and absenteeism rate are increase.4. Nightshift It has likewise been pointed out that there is a greater percentage of absenteeism during the nightshifts than in the dayshifts, owe to the greater discomforts of work during the night- m.5. Rural exodus The committee also pointed out that probably the most preponderating cause of absenteeism is the frequent urge of rural exodus. It has been observe that the workers go back to their villages at the time of harvesting and sowing the crops. It increases the rate of absenteeism in factories.6. Accident industrial shot depends upon the spirit of work to be performed by the worker and his ability for doing that work. In case of hazardous nature of job, the happenings occur more frequently which lead to higher rate of absenteeism.7. Social and religious Function it has been noticed that workers become absent form their duty on occasions of social and religious functions. Since the workers like to plug in their families on such occasions, they go back to their villages for like to join short periods.8. Drinking and amusement the Labour Investigation committee pointed out that drinking and amusements are also resp onsible for absenteeism. Since drinking and amusements in the advanced hours of night make it difficult for the workers to reach in time on their duties. They like to become absent rather than late since they know that badli workers pull up s leaves be substituted for them, if they are late.9.After Pay-Day the Labour Investigation committee also noted the level of absenteeism is comparatively high straight off after the reach-day because they get their pays, they timber like having a good time or return to their villages to make purchases for the family and to meet them, so the absenteeism is high after they got paid.10. character of work the absenteeism rate is also affected by the nature of work. According to Prof. William pointed out that absenteeism prevails because workers are not accustomed to the factory life and factory discipline. In other words, absenteeism prevails because the nature of work in factories is varied from that for which the worker is accustomed. So wh en they come to work in the factory, they feel strange, this new situation make them uncomfortable, so lead to high rate of absenteeism of the industrial workers.11. opposite causes The supra factor which are caused the absenteeism in the Industrial which are pointed out briefly by the Labour Commission. However, there can be tow other factors which caused the absenteeism in industrial sector.These factors are a) personal Factors and b) workplace factors.A. Personal factor The personal factor also divided into other sub-factors, these arei. Personal spot there are different attitude of employees. The Employees with grueling workplace ethics will respect their work and appreciate the contribution they make to their companies. Such employees will not engage themselves in taking unscheduled off. On the other hand, employees with very low or no work ethics are undiscipline and have lot of integrity and behavioural issues. Since, they feel no obligation towards the company, absenteei sm comes easily to them.ii. Age The young employees are often restless. They want to spend time with their friends and have fun, rather than macrocosm tied win with work responsibility. This lack of ownership often leads them to take unauthorized time off. With age, people gain bugger off and maturity, which makes them focused and responsible. Their approach is rather professional and they favour to stick to their chairs to get the work done. If ever they are found absent, then it could be due to sickness. terzetto .Seniority Employees, who have been with the company for a long time are well-adjusted with the working culture and the job, therefore, they reign no reason to be absent without permission. On the other hand, new hires are more wedded to taking ad hoc breaks to unwind themselves. iv. Gender Women generally do a balancing act by shuffling their time between home and work. Family, being their foremost priority, they dont think in two ways before taking a step toward s absenteeism.B. work Factorsi. Stress The pressure at work sometimes takes a toll on the employees. This endpoints in increased levels of stress. The employees then resort to excuses that can help them sting away from work.ii. Work Routine Doing the same job over a period of time can get monotonous. The employees find the job functions boring. They rather distinguish time off to do something interesting than come to work.iii. Job Satisfaction If employees do not find their job challenging, dissatisfaction creeps in. That leads to more absenteeism in the workplace.III. do of absenteeism The effects of the absenteeism of the workers in the factories adversely effect to the employers, the terms of production of the factory is increased because of the absent of the workers, by employed extra temporary staffs in enjoin to replace the absentee. The effects of absenteeism in the workplace are directly proportionate to decreased productivity. The company, purgetually, is trying to account up the direct and indirect terms gnarled to hire temporary staff, and pay employees for overtime.So the cost of the production of the company is increased as the result they increase the price of the commodity, so the consumers have to pay high price for the commodities.. However, the workers themselves also effect of the absenteeism because their income is reduce according to the principle of no work no pay, as the result their standard of live decreased. Thus, absenteeism adversely affects the employers and the workers, and consumers and ultimately , it can be adverse affect to the growth of the economy in the country. so all these give rises to many industrial parturiency and social problems.IV. Method to remedy the absenteeism As construe to the measure to be adopted to remove the absenteeism, the Bombay fabric Labour Enquiry committee stated that the square-toed conditions of work in the factory, adequate wages, protection from accident and sickness, and facilit ies for obtaining leave for rest and recuperation constitute the most effective means of reducing absenteeism. The Labour probe committee, agreed with the above view, stated that the excessive deteriorate and sweated conditions of work are bound to create a defence mechanism in the worker and if adding results are to be obtained, the best policy would be to mend conditions of work and life for the workers and make them feel convenient and happy.Therefore, the Committee suggested that the most effective way of traffic with absenteeism is to provide holiday with pay or even without pay and permit workers to attend their private personal business occasionally and thus regularise absenteeism instead of only when taking disciplinary actions for it . Provision of suitable housing facilities in industrial towns should also go a long way in improving attendance. Besides, the above provisions a sense of responsibility towards attention should be created among the workers through prop er education and training. The workers liaison in the management of industry, introduction of an incentive wage scheme and linking wages and bonus with production whitethorn also prove very helpful in checking the rate of absenteeism.